Maternal antibiotic exposure enhances ILC2 activation in neonates via downregulation of IFN1 signaling.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38097561.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-43903-x and PMC identifier 10721923.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Microbiota have an important function in shaping and priming neonatal immunity, although the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain obscure. Here we report that prenatal antibiotic exposure causes significant elevation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in neonatal lungs, in both cell numbers and functionality. Downregulation of type 1 interferon signaling in ILC2s due to diminished production of microbiota-derived butyrate represents the underlying mechanism. Mice lacking butyrate receptor GPR41 (Gpr41<sup>-/-</sup>) or type 1 interferon receptor IFNAR1 (Ifnar1<sup>-/-</sup>) recapitulate the phenotype of neonatal ILC2s upon maternal antibiotic exposure. Furthermore, prenatal antibiotic exposure induces epigenetic changes in ILC2s and has a long-lasting deteriorative effect on allergic airway inflammation in adult offspring. Prenatal supplementation of butyrate ameliorates airway inflammation in adult mice born to antibiotic-exposed dams. These observations demonstrate an essential role for the microbiota in the control of type 2 innate immunity at the neonatal stage, which suggests a therapeutic window for treating asthma in early life.
Medical subject headings
- Immunity, Innate
- Lymphocytes
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Interferon Type I