Wireless Photoactivated Targeted Nanosystem for Oncotherapy <i>Via</i> Synergistic Effects of Hyperthermia/Redox Stress Amplification/GSK-3β Activity Inhibition.

Abstract

Highly soluble salts and gas mediated therapies are emerging antitumor strategies. However, the therapeutic efficacy remains restricted by difficulty in delivering them to the tumor site and poorly controlled release in deep tissues. Here, an intelligent wireless photoactivated targeted nanosystem is designed for delivering LiCl and H₂ to tumors for therapy. LiCl causes cell death by inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β. H₂ selectively interacts with reactive oxygen species in the tumor, leading to redox stress, which induces apoptosis. The significant heat generated by the nanosystem not only kills tumor cells but also accelerates the dissolution of LiCl and the release of H₂. The rapid dissolution of LiCl leads to a surge in intracellular osmotic pressure, which further intensifies the redox stress response and enhances the efficiency of therapy. The nanosystem shows efficient tumor therapeutic capability <i>via</i> synergistic effects of hyperthermia/redox stress amplification/GSK-3β activity inhibition.