Real-time observation of non-equilibrium phonon-electron energy and angular momentum flow in laser-heated nickel.

Shokeen, Vishal; Heber, Michael; Kutnyakhov, Dmytro; Wang, Xiaocui; Yaroslavtsev, Alexander; Maldonado, Pablo; Berritta, Marco; Wind, Nils et al. · Sci Adv · 2024

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Identifying the microscopic nature of non-equilibrium energy transfer mechanisms among electronic, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom is central to understanding ultrafast phenomena such as manipulating magnetism on the femtosecond timescale. Here, we use time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to go beyond the often-used ensemble-averaged view of non-equilibrium dynamics in terms of quasiparticle temperature evolutions. We show for ferromagnetic Ni that the non-equilibrium electron and spin dynamics display pronounced variations with electron momentum, whereas the magnetic exchange interaction remains isotropic. This highlights the influence of lattice-mediated scattering processes and opens a pathway toward unraveling the still elusive microscopic mechanism of spin-lattice angular momentum transfer.