An Interleukin-15 Superagonist with BCG - A Major Therapeutic Advancement or Just a Small Step in the Right Direction?

Pietzak, Eugene J; Herr, Harry W · NEJM Evid · 2023

review · Level V

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Abstract

For more than 40 years, intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has remained the most effective treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); however, tumor recurrence and progression are common, especially for those patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS).<sup>1</sup> Therapeutic options are limited when treatment with BCG fails, and radical cystectomy remains the only curative treatment. BCG-unresponsive NMIBC criteria were developed in 2015 to identify patients for whom additional BCG would likely not be effective and to facilitate clinical trials of novel therapies.<sup>2,3</sup>.

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