View Score: An early warning score to detect possible complications among COVID-19 patients.

Abstract

Understanding pulmonary function at various phases after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is critical for determining the exact pathophysiological mechanism of COVID-19. What is the correlation between spirometry indices and clinical indicators in COVID-19 patients over a 6-week follow-up? 1) To assess deterioration or improvement in spirometry parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), and ratio FEV₁/FVC in COVID-19 patients. 2) To study the correlation between FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC with oxygen saturation and clinical findings. A prospective observational study was conducted for a 6-week period among 25, COVID-19 patients who were either asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. Each patient received a home-use-connected spirometer-SpiroPRO^®, a pulse oximeter, and a thermometer from Briota Technologies Pvt Ltd. (BRIOTA). Patients and healthcare professionals were given training for performing spirometry twice a day as well as access to mobile apps was provided. Spirometry indices, patient symptoms, and vital statistics were used to calculate the VIEW™ score using machine learning algorithms. The Bland-Altman plots showed that FEV₁ reduced slightly up to 21-28 days and comes back to normal around 42 days. VIEW™ score increased up to <i>day 21</i> and then decreased toward <i>day 42</i>. An increase in VIEW™ score increases the risk of COVID-19 complications. VIEW™ score and FEV₁ showed a significant correlation. Home-based spirometry acts as an effective tool for COVID-19 patients to predict lung complications and also promote self-monitoring thereby reducing the burden on the health system.