Near-Infrared Light Emitting Metal Halides: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications.

Liu, Ying; Di Stasio, Francesco; Bi, Chenghao; Zhang, Jibin; Xia, Zhiguo; Shi, Zhifeng; Manna, Liberato · Adv Mater · 2024

review · Level V

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Abstract

Near-Infrared (NIR) light emitting metal halides are emerging as a new generation of optical materials owing to their appealing features, which include low-cost synthesis, solution processability, and adjustable optical properties. NIR-emitting perovskite-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have reached an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of over 20% and a device stability of over 10,000 h. Such results have sparked an interest in exploring new NIR metal halide emitters. In this review, several different types of NIR-emitting metal halides, including lead/tin bromide/iodide perovskites, lanthanide ions doped/based metal halides, double perovskites, low dimensional hybrid and Bi<sup>3+</sup>/Sb<sup>3+</sup>/Cr<sup>3+</sup> doped metal halides, are summarized, and their recent advancement is assessed. The characteristics and mechanisms of narrow-band or broadband NIR luminescence in all these materials are discussed in detail. Also, the various applications of NIR-emitting metal halides are highlighted and an outlook for the field is provided.