Induction of durable remission by dual immunotherapy in SHIV-infected ART-suppressed macaques.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38422185.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.adf7966 and PMC identifier 11022498.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
The eradication of the viral reservoir represents the major obstacle to the development of a clinical cure for established HIV-1 infection. Here, we demonstrate that the administration of N-803 (brand name Anktiva) and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) results in sustained viral control after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in simian-human AD8 (SHIV-AD8)-infected, ART-suppressed rhesus macaques. N-803+bNAbs treatment induced immune activation and transient viremia but only limited reductions in the SHIV reservoir. Upon ART discontinuation, viral rebound occurred in all animals, which was followed by durable control in approximately 70% of all N-803+bNAb-treated macaques. Viral control was correlated with the reprogramming of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells by N-803+bNAb synergy. Thus, complete eradication of the replication-competent viral reservoir is likely not a prerequisite for the induction of sustained remission after discontinuation of ART.
Medical subject headings
- Anti-Retroviral Agents
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins