Suppressing Ion Migration by Synergistic Engineering of Anion and Cation toward High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38529666.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202313860.
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Abstract
Ion migration-induced intrinsic instability and large-area fabrication pose a tough challenge for the commercial deployment of perovskite photovoltaics. Herein, an interface heterojunction and metal electrode stabilization strategy is developed by suppressing ion migration via managing lead-based imperfections. After screening a series of cations and nonhalide anions, the ideal organic salt molecule dimethylammonium trifluoroacetate (DMATFA) consisting of dimethylammonium (DMA<sup>+</sup>) cation and trifluoroacetate (TFA<sup>-</sup>) anion is selected to manipulate the surface of perovskite films. DMA<sup>+</sup> enables the conversion of active excess and/or unreacted PbI<sub>2</sub> into stable new phase DMAPbI<sub>3</sub>, inhibiting photodecomposition of PbI<sub>2</sub> and ion migration. Meanwhile, TFA<sup>-</sup> can suppress iodide ion migration through passivating undercoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> and/or iodide vacancies. DMA<sup>+</sup> and TFA<sup>-</sup> synergistically stabilize the heterojunction interface and silver electrode. The DMATFA-treated inverted perovskite solar cells and modules achieve a maximum efficiency of 25.03% (certified 24.65%, 0.1 cm<sup>2</sup>) and 20.58% (63.74 cm<sup>2</sup>), respectively, which is the record efficiency ever reported for the devices based on vacuum flash evaporation technology. The DMATFA modification results in outstanding operational stability, as evidenced by maintaining 91% of its original efficiency after 1520 h of maximum power point continuous tracking.