Unveil the origin of voltage oscillation for sodium-ion batteries operating at -40 °C.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38625942.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1073/pnas.2311075121 and PMC identifier 11047101.
- No licence information is recorded for this record.
- Because redistribution is not established, this page shows the abstract only. Follow the links below for the full text.
Abstract
Voltage oscillation at subzero in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) has been a common but overlooked scenario, almost yet to be understood. For example, the phenomenon seriously deteriorates the performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVP) cathode in PC (propylene carbonate)/EC (ethylene carbonate)-based electrolyte at -20 °C. Here, the correlation between voltage oscillation, structural evolution, and electrolytes has been revealed based on theoretical calculations, in-/ex-situ techniques, and cross-experiments. It is found that the local phase transition of the Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVP) cathode in PC/EC-based electrolyte at -20 °C should be responsible for the oscillatory phenomenon. Furthermore, the low exchange current density originating from the high desolvation energy barrier in NVP-PC/EC system also aggravates the local phase transformation, resulting in severe voltage oscillation. By introducing the diglyme solvent with lower Na-solvent binding energy, the voltage oscillation of the NVP can be eliminated effectively at subzero. As a result, the high capacity retentions of 98.3% at -20 °C and 75.3% at -40 °C are achieved. The finding provides insight into the abnormal SIBs degradation and brings the voltage oscillation behavior of rechargeable batteries into the limelight.