Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38658761.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41586-024-07325-z and PMC identifier 11096108.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Entanglement and its propagation are central to understanding many physical properties of quantum systems<sup>1-3</sup>. Notably, within closed quantum many-body systems, entanglement is believed to yield emergent thermodynamic behaviour<sup>4-7</sup>. However, a universal understanding remains challenging owing to the non-integrability and computational intractability of most large-scale quantum systems. Quantum hardware platforms provide a means to study the formation and scaling of entanglement in interacting many-body systems<sup>8-14</sup>. Here we use a controllable 4 × 4 array of superconducting qubits to emulate a 2D hard-core Bose-Hubbard (HCBH) lattice. We generate superposition states by simultaneously driving all lattice sites and extract correlation lengths and entanglement entropy across its many-body energy spectrum. We observe volume-law entanglement scaling for states at the centre of the spectrum and a crossover to the onset of area-law scaling near its edges.