Randomized Trial of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT Before Definitive Radiotherapy for Unfavorable Intermediate- and High-Risk Prostate Cancer (PSMA-dRT Trial).

Abstract

This multicenter randomized phase III trial (NCT04457245) evaluated the effect of performing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT before definitive radiotherapy. <b>Methods:</b> Men with unfavorable intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer were randomized 1.08:1 between receiving and not receiving a PSMA PET/CT scan before definitive radiotherapy. All other imaging modalities were allowed in the control arm. The primary endpoint was 5-y progression-free survival. <b>Results:</b> Fifty-four men were randomized between November 2020 and December 2021 (PSMA PET/CT, <i>n</i> = 25; control, <i>n</i> = 29). The trial closed early after approval and insurance coverage of PSMA PET/CT. In the PSMA PET/CT arm, 14 patients had localized disease (miT2b-cN0M0), 6 had locally advanced disease (miT3a-bN0M0), 3 had regional metastasis (miN1M0), and 1 had distant metastasis (miM1b). Four patients were upstaged. <b>Conclusion:</b> PSMA PET/CT upstaged 17% of patients, which allowed for more accurate radiotherapy planning. Unfortunately, this trial closed early before completion of target enrollment (54/316, 17%) and was underpowered to assess the effect of PSMA PET/CT on progression-free survival.