Emergent tetragonality in a fundamentally orthorhombic material.

Singh, Anisha G; Bachmann, Maja D; Sanchez, Joshua J; Pandey, Akshat; Kapitulnik, Aharon; Kim, Jong Woo; Ryan, Philip J; Kivelson, Steven A et al. · Sci Adv · 2024

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Symmetry plays a key role in determining the physical properties of materials. By Neumann's principle, the properties of a material remain invariant under the symmetry operations of the space group to which the material belongs. Continuous phase transitions are associated with a spontaneous reduction in symmetry. Less common are examples where proximity to a continuous phase transition leads to an increase in symmetry. We find signatures of an emergent tetragonal symmetry close to a charge density wave (CDW) bicritical point in a fundamentally orthorhombic material, ErTe<sub>3</sub>, for which the two distinct CDW phase transitions are tuned via anisotropic strain. We first establish that tension along the <i>a</i> axis favors an abrupt rotation of the CDW wave vector from the <i>c</i> to <i>a</i> axis and infer the presence of a bicritical point where the two continuous phase transitions meet. We then observe a divergence of the nematic elastoresistivity approaching this putative bicritical point, indicating an emergent tetragonality in the critical behavior.