A crystal capping layer for formation of black-phase FAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite in humid air.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38991067.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.adn9646.
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Abstract
Black-phase formamidinium lead iodide (α-FAPbI<sub>3</sub>) perovskites are the desired phase for photovoltaic applications, but water can trigger formation of photoinactive impurity phases such as δ-FAPbI<sub>3</sub>. We show that the classic solvent system for perovskite fabrication exacerbates this reproducibility challenge. The conventional coordinative solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) promoted δ-FAPbI<sub>3</sub> formation under high relative humidity (RH) conditions because of its hygroscopic nature. We introduced chlorine-containing organic molecules to form a capping layer that blocked moisture penetration while preserving DMSO-based complexes to regulate crystal growth. We report power conversion efficiencies of >24.5% for perovskite solar cells fabricated across an RH range of 20 to 60%, and 23.4% at 80% RH. The unencapsulated device retained 96% of its initial performance in air (with 40 to 60% RH) after 500-hour maximum power point operation.