Development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated vaccine that protects against viscerotropic yellow fever in a non-human primate model.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39019010.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101655 and PMC identifier 11293362.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is endemic in >40 countries and causes viscerotropic disease with up to 20%-60% mortality. Successful live-attenuated yellow fever (YF) vaccines were developed in the mid-1930s, but their use is restricted or formally contraindicated in vulnerable populations including infants, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems. In these studies, we describe the development of a next-generation hydrogen peroxide-inactivated YF vaccine and determine immune correlates of protection based on log neutralizing index (LNI) and neutralizing titer-50% (NT<sub>50</sub>) studies. In addition, we compare neutralizing antibody responses and protective efficacy of hydrogen peroxide-inactivated YF vaccine candidates to live-attenuated YFV-17D (YF-VAX) in a rhesus macaque model of viscerotropic YF. Our results indicate that an optimized, inactivated YF vaccine elicits protective antibody responses that prevent viral dissemination and lethal infection in rhesus macaques and may be a suitable alternative for vaccinating vulnerable populations who are not eligible to receive replicating live-attenuated YF vaccines.
Medical subject headings
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Macaca mulatta
- Vaccines, Inactivated
- Yellow Fever Vaccine
- Yellow Fever
- Yellow fever virus
- Antibodies, Neutralizing
- Antibodies, Viral
- Disease Models, Animal