Effects of combined training in individual with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the literature, peer-reviewed clinical trials investigating the effects of combined exercise interventions on individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Various databases, using various descriptors and Boolean operators were utilized. Eight studies meet the eligibility criteria. Regarding the anthropometric measures/body composition variable, the meta-analysis revealed that combined physical exercise did not have a significant effect (standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.16; 95% CI, -0.34 to 0.03; <i>Z</i> = 1.68; <i>p</i> = 0.09). For the lipid profile variable, the combined exercise interventions did not show a significant effect (SMD = -0.07; 95% CI, -0.43 to 0.29; <i>Z</i> = 0.38; <i>p</i> = 0.71). Combined exercise training had a significant effect on increasing functional capacity (SMD = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.54; <i>Z</i> = 2.03; <i>p</i> = 0.04), cardiorespiratory function (SMD = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.26; <i>Z</i> = 3.41; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), and strength (SMD = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.08; <i>Z</i> = 4.78; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Participants from the intervention group that took part in combined exercise training showed a higher probability of improving their functional, cardiorespiratory, and strength capacity compared to the control group.