Light absorption enhancement of black carbon in a pyrocumulonimbus cloud.

Beeler, Payton; Kumar, Joshin; Schwarz, Joshua P; Adachi, Kouji; Fierce, Laura; Perring, Anne E; Katich, J M; Chakrabarty, Rajan K · Nat Commun · 2024

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) firestorm systems have been shown to inject significant amounts of black carbon (BC) to the stratosphere with a residence time of several months. Injected BC warms the local stratospheric air, consequently perturbing transport and hence spatial distributions of ozone and water vapor. A distinguishing feature of BC-containing particles residing within pyroCb smoke is their thick surface coatings made of condensed organic matter. When coated with non-refractory materials, BC's absorption is enhanced, yet the absorption enhancement factor (E<sub>abs</sub>) for pyroCb BC is not well constrained. Here, we perform particle-scale measurements of BC mass, morphology, and coating thickness from inside a pyroCb cloud and quantify E<sub>abs</sub> using an established particle-resolved BC optics model. We find that the population-averaged E<sub>abs</sub> for BC asymptotes to 2.0 with increasing coating thickness. This value denotes the upper limit of E<sub>abs</sub> for thickly coated BC in the atmosphere. Our results provide observationally constrained parameterizations of BC absorption for improved radiative transfer calculations of pyroCb events.