Lattice-Strain Engineering in Ni-Ru Heterostructures for Efficient Acetylene Hydrochlorination toward Vinyl Chloride.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39056445.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.4c06094.
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Abstract
Ru-based catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to HgCl<sub>2</sub> in vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) production by acetylene hydrochlorination. However, poor C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> activation and the generation of key intermediates (*CH<sub>2</sub>═CH) have posed grand challenges for enhanced catalytic performances. Herein, we synthesized a Ni-intercalated Ru heterostructure using a lattice-strain engineering strategy, resulting in the desired electronic and chemical environments. The collaboration of Ni splits the adsorption centers of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> and HCl by weakening the strong steric hindrance, and it also promotes the activation of the linear C≡C configurations. The well-controlled lattice strain enables strong d-d hybridization interactions between Ni and Ru, resulting in an upshift of the d-band center from -3.72 eV (for Ru/C) to -3.49 eV and electronic delocalization. This optimized local Ni-Ru/C structure thus enhances *H adsorption while weakening the energy barrier for generating *CH<sub>2</sub>═CH intermediates. Furthermore, the energy barrier for VCM formation was simultaneously reduced. Accordingly, the Ni-Ru/C heterostructures achieve improved performance in pilot-scale trials, with a conversion of >99.2% and stability for over 500 h. These performances significantly surpass most reported Ru-based moieties and the traditional Hg catalysts, offering a promising avenue for C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> activation in industrial applications.