Association of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Older Adult Recipients of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.
retrospective_cohort · Level III
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39101606.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiae387 and PMC identifier 11566223.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Pneumococcal carriage is associated with increased acquisition and duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among adults. While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) prevent carriage of vaccine-serotype pneumococci, their potential impact on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related outcomes remains poorly understood in populations with prevalent immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We undertook a retrospective cohort study of adults aged ≥65 years in the Kaiser Permanente Southern California healthcare system who had received ≥2 COVID-19 vaccine doses, comparing risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022 among recipients and nonrecipients of 13-valent PCV (PCV13) employing multiple strategies to mitigate bias from differential test-seeking behavior. The ajusted hazard ratio of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection comparing PCV13 recipients to nonrecipients was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], .90-.95), corresponding to prevention of 3.9 (95% CI, 2.6-5.3) infections per 100 person-years. Following receipt of 2, 3, and ≥4 COVID-19 vaccine doses, aHRs (95% CI) were 0.85 (.81-.89), 0.94 (.90-.97), and 0.99 (.93-1.04), respectively. The aHR (95% CI) for persons who had not received COVID-19 vaccination in the preceding 6 months was 0.90 (.86-.93), versus 0.94 (.91-.98) within 6 months after COVID-19 vaccination. Similarly, aHRs (95% CI) were 0.92 (.89-.94) for persons without history of documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, versus 1.00 (.90-1.12) for persons with documented prior infection. Among older adults who had received ≥2 COVID-19 vaccine doses, PCV13 was associated with modest protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protective effects of PCV13 were greater among individuals expected to have weaker immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Medical subject headings
- COVID-19
- Pneumococcal Vaccines
- COVID-19 Vaccines
- SARS-CoV-2
- Vaccines, Conjugate