Experiences with hospital-to-home transitions: perspectives from patients, family members and healthcare professionals. A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.

Abstract

Multiple studies have explored the needs and experiences of patients, family members, and healthcare professionals regarding hospital-to-home transitions. Our study aimed to identify, critically appraise, and summarize these studies in a qualitative meta-synthesis. Medline, CINAHL and Embase were systematically searched to identify eligible articles from inception to June 2024. Qualitative studies were included and critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. Insufficient-quality papers were excluded. We performed a meta-synthesis following (1) open coding by two independent researchers and (2) discussing codes during reflexivity meetings. Ninety-eight studies were appraised, of which 53 were included. We reached thematic saturation, four themes were constructed: (1) care coordination and continuity, (2) communication, (3) patient and family involvement, and (4) individualized support and information exchange. For patients and families, tailored information and support are prerequisites for a seamless transition and an optimal recovery trajectory after hospital discharge. It is imperative that healthcare professionals communicate effectively within and across care settings to ensure multidisciplinary collaboration and care continuity. This study identifies essential elements of optimal transitional care. These findings could be supportive to researchers and healthcare professionals when (re)designing transitional care interventions to ensure care continuity after hospital discharge.