A Small Opening in the Storm Clouds: Overview of the Registry-based Study on the Management of Thyroid Storm.

Abstract

Because of the high mortality rate of thyroid storm (TS), effective guidance for its diagnosis and treatment is essential. The diagnostic criteria introduced by the Japanese Thyroid Association in 2012, along with the Burch-Wartofsky Point Scale, constitute valuable tools for the diagnosis of TS. In 2016, Guidelines on the management of TS were produced by the Japanese Thyroid Association and the Japanese Endocrine Society. Recently, a prospective multicenter register-based study compared the prognosis and outcome of 110 new-onset TS patients with the results of previous comparable studies and evaluated the efficacy of the Guidelines. The study revealed higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores and significant correlations between lower body mass index, postresuscitation shock, and fever with outcomes and, overall, improved TS prognosis. Most patients in the study received methimazole and potassium iodide, the timely administration of which was linked to lower fatality rates. Adherence to treatment guidelines correlates with lower mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of experienced multidisciplinary teams in intensive care unit settings and the necessity for periodic review of the guidelines to enhance therapeutic approaches and reduce mortality.