Ultra-Nonlinear Subcycle Photoemission of Few-Electron States from Sharp Gold Nanotapers.

Abstract

The generation of ultrashort electron wavepackets is crucial for the development of ultrafast electron microscopes. Recent studies on Coulomb-correlated few-electron number states, photoemitted from sharp metallic tapers, have shown emission nonlinearities in the multiphoton photoemission regime which scale with the electron number. Here, we study few-electron photoemission from gold nanotapers triggered by few-cycle near-infrared pulses, demonstrating extreme 20th-order nonlinearities for electron triplets. We report interferometric autocorrelation traces of the electron yield that are quenched to a single emission peak with subfemtosecond duration due to these high nonlinearities. The modulation of the emission yield by the carrier-envelope phase suggests that electron emission predominantly occurs during a single half cycle of the driving laser field. When applying a bias voltage to the tip, recollisions in the electron trajectories are suppressed and coherent subcycle electron beams are generated with promising prospects for ultrafast electron microscopy with subcycle time resolution.