Impact of Human Leukocyte Antigen Allele-Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Partners on Sexually Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection.

Serrano-Rísquez, Carmen; Omar, Mohamed; Rallón, Norma; Benito, José Miguel; Gómez-Vidal, Amparo; Márquez, Francisco J; Alján, Martina; Rivero-Juárez, Antonio et al. · J Infect Dis · 2024

case_control · Level III

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Abstract

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I/killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes influence human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression and viral load, but their role in primary infection is uncertain. Inconsistent results from previous studies suggest that the inoculum size and transmission route-parenteral versus sexual-may influence this association. We conducted a genome-wide association study in a population of people with HIV-1 and HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals exposed to the virus through the sexual route. Our data do not support any role of the HLA/KIR system in susceptibility to sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection. The genetics basis of HIV-1 viral load and disease progression are distinct from the genetics of HIV resistance, a paradox worth exploring.

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