Circadian blood pressure variability and associated factors among chronic kidney disease patients at Nekemte Town public Hospitals, West Oromia, Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the pattern of circadian blood pressure variability (CBPV) and associated factors among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients admitted to Nekemte Town public Hospitals. A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 CKD patients from 01 October to 02 December 2022. Comparisons were performed between the groups using an independent t-test for CBPV (24-hour blood pressure (BP), daytime BP and night-time BP). The dipping pattern was compared by the χ² test. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with non-dipping patterns in patients with hypertensive CKD (HCKD). Two public hospitals in the Nekemte town, Western Ethiopia. The participants were two independent groups. Group I (HCKD=65) and group II (normotensive CKD (NCKD)=65). The mean 24-hour SD of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly different between HCKD and NCKD patients, 10.17±6.12 mm Hg versus 0.5.4±2.7 mm Hg, respectively (95% CI 0.02 to 1.77, p=0.043). The prevalence of SBP non-dippers was greater among HCKD than NCKD patients (83% vs 63%). Mean 24-hour SBP (95% CI 1.50 (1.15 to 1.96), p=0.003) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (95% CI 2.92 (1.21 to 47.06), p=0.038) were independently associated with non-dipping SBP in HCKD patients. Compared with NCKD patients, HCKD patients had significantly greater CBPV. Compared with dippers, non-dippers had a lower mean eGFR.