Tissue-based Biomarkers Steering Clinical Decisions in Patients with Urothelial Cancer.

Afferi, Luca; Cimadamore, Alessia; Gallioli, Andrea; Pradere, Benjamin; Mertens, Laura S; Marcq, Gautier; Anguera, Georgia; Necchi, Andrea et al. · Eur Urol · 2025

review · Level V

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Abstract

The European Association of Urology (EAU), National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines recommend PD-L1 and FGFR testing for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer or upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) according to specific eligibility criteria; positive results indicate therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors or erdafitinib, respectively. The EAU guidelines recommend PD-L1 testing for subsequent adjuvant therapy in high-risk UC, and germline DNA sequencing in patients with UTUC positive for DNA mismatch repair alterations.

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