Unipolar quantum optoelectronics for high speed direct modulation and transmission in 8-14 µm atmospheric window.

Dely, Hamza; Joharifar, Mahdieh; Durupt, Laureline; Ostrovskis, Armands; Schatz, Richard; Bonazzi, Thomas; Maisons, Gregory; Gacemi, Djamal et al. · Nat Commun · 2024

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The large mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region, ranging from 2.5 µm to 25 µm, has remained under-exploited in the electromagnetic spectrum, primarily due to the absence of viable transceiver technologies. Notably, the 8-14 µm long-wave infrared (LWIR) atmospheric transmission window is particularly suitable for free-space optical (FSO) communication, owing to its combination of low atmospheric propagation loss and relatively high resilience to turbulence and other atmospheric disturbances. Here, we demonstrate a direct modulation and direct detection LWIR FSO communication system at 9.1 µm wavelength based on unipolar quantum optoelectronic devices with a unprecedented net bitrate exceeding 55 Gbit s<sup>-1</sup>. A directly modulated distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (DFB-QCL) with high modulation efficiency and improved RF-design was used as a transmitter while two high speed detectors utilizing meta-materials to enhance their responsivity are employed as receivers; a quantum cascade detector (QCD) and a quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP). We investigate system tradeoffs and constraints, and indicate pathways forward for this technology beyond 100 Gbit s<sup>-1</sup> communication.