Enhanced high-temperature energy storage performances in polymer dielectrics by synergistically optimizing band-gap and polarization of dipolar glass.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39368966.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-52791-8 and PMC identifier 11455895.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
Polymer dielectrics play an irreplaceable role in electrostatic capacitors in modern electrical systems, and have been intensively studied with their polarization and breakdown strength (E<sub>b</sub>) optimized for high discharged energy density (U<sub>d</sub>) at elevated temperatures. Small molecules have been explored as fillers, yet they deteriorate thermal stability of matrix which limits their optimal loading to ~1 wt%. Herein, we develop a polymer blend dielectric consisting of common polyimide and a bifunctional dipolar glass polymer which are synthesized from two small molecule components with wide band-gap and large dipole moment. The bifunctional dipolar glass with large molecular weight not only maintains thermal stability of polymer blends even at a high loading of 10 wt%, but also induces substantial enhancement in polarization and E<sub>b</sub> than any of individual components does, achieving an ultrahigh U<sub>d</sub> of 8.34 J cm<sup>-3</sup> (150 °C) and 6.21 J cm<sup>-3</sup> (200 °C) with a charge-discharge efficiency of 90%.