The epidemiology and impact of persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> infections on childhood growth among children 0-24 months of age in resource-limited settings.
prospective_cohort · Level II
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39380966.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102841 and PMC identifier 11460251.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
<i>Campylobacter</i> is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. It is generally associated with an acute gastrointestinal infection causing a self-limiting diarrheal episode. However, there is evidence that persistent/recurrent carriage of <i>Campylobacter</i> also occurs. In hyperendemic settings the epidemiology and consequences of persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> enteric infections is poorly studied. Risk factors for and growth consequences of persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> infections detected by polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were evaluated with data from the MAL-ED birth cohort study in children 0-24 months of age between November 2009 and February 2012. A persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> infection was defined as three or more consecutive <i>Campylobacter</i> positive monthly stools. Across all study sites, 45.5% (781/1715) of children experienced at least one persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> episode. The average cumulative duration of days in which children with persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> were positive for <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. was 150 days (inter-quartile range: 28-236 days). Children who experienced a persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> episode had an attained 24-month length-for-age (LAZ) score that was 0.23 (95% (CI): -0.31, -0.15) less than children without a persistent <i>Campylobacter</i> episode. Among children who had at least one episode of <i>Campylobacter</i> over a 3-month or 9-month window, persistent episodes were not significantly associated with poorer 3-month weight gain (-28.7 g, 95% CI: -63.4 g, 6.0 g) but were associated with poorer 9-month linear growth (-0.134 cm 95% CI: -0.246, -0.022) compared to children with an episode that resolved within 31 days. Persistent/recurrent <i>Campylobacter</i> infection is common among children and has a measurable negative impact on linear growth in early childhood. Funding for this study was provided by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1066146 and OPP1152146), the National Institutes of Health United States (R01AI158576 and R21AI163801 to MNK and CTP; K43TW012298 to FS; K01AI168493 to JMC; GOL was supported by K01AI145080. This research was also supported in part by USDA-ARS CRIS project 2030-42000-055-00D. The funders had no role in study design, study implementation, data analysis, or interpretation of the results.