Basic Lung Ultrasound and Clinical Applications in General Medicine.

Cucciolini, Giada; Corradi, Francesco; Marrucci, Elena; Ovesen, Stig Holm · Med Clin North Am · 2025

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Abstract

Proficiency in basic lung ultrasound is highly recommended for clinicians in general and internal medicine. This article will review and provide guidance for novice users on how to use lung ultrasound in clinical practice, through a pathology-oriented approach. The authors recommend a 12-zone protocol and describe how to perform and apply it in clinical practice while examining patients with clinical suspicion for the following diseases: pleural effusion, heart failure, pneumonia (bacterial and viral), interstitial lung disease, and pneumothorax.

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