Exploring the pathophysiology of restless leg syndrome: focus on white matter structure and function.

Abstract

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, with pathogenesis involving genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors. Recent advancements in imaging techniques have provided valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of RLS. To synthesize recent research on white matter fiber alterations in RLS and their role in disease pathology. This review synthesized recent research on RLS, focusing on neuroimaging findings, particularly white matter fiber alterations, and their implications for disease mechanisms. Studies involving structural and functional MRI were analyzed. Imaging studies suggested that RLS was associated with white matter integrity changes, affecting areas linked to sensory and motor control. These alterations may reflect disruptions in central nervous system pathways regulating movement. White matter changes provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of RLS, enhancing our understanding of the disorder and potentially guiding future therapeutic strategies.