UNLEASH: Ultralow Nanocluster Loading of Pt via Electro-Acoustic Seasoning of Heterocatalysts.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39588884.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202409495.
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Abstract
The shift toward sustainable energy has fueled the development of advanced electrocatalysts to enable green fuel production and chemical synthesis. To date, no material outperforms Pt-group catalysts for key electrocatalytic reactions, necessitating advanced catalysts that minimize use of these rare and expensive constituents (i.e., Pt) to reduce cost without sacrificing activity. Whilst a myriad of routes involving co-synthesis of Pt with other elements have been reported, the Pt is often buried within the bulk of the composite, rendering a large proportion of it inaccessible to the interfacial electrocatalytic reaction. Surface decoration of Pt on arbitrary substrates is therefore desirable to maximize catalytic activity; nevertheless, Pt electrodeposition suffers from clustering and ripening effects that result in large ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <semantics><mrow><mi>⌀</mi> <mspace></mspace> <mspace></mspace> <mn>0.1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace></mspace> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> <annotation>$\diameter \ \!0.1-1\ \umu{\rm m}$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) aggregates that hinder electrocatalytic activity. Herein, an unconventional synthesis method is reported that utilizes high-frequency (10 MHz) acoustic waves to electrochemically 'season' a gold working electrode with an ultralow loading of Pt nanoclusters. The UNLEASH platform is shown to facilitate high-density dispersion of nanometer-order clusters at the bimetallic interface to enable superior atomic utilization of Pt. This is exemplified by its utility for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), wherein a mass activity of 5.28 A <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <semantics><msubsup><mi>mg</mi> <mi>Pt</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msubsup> <annotation>${\rm mg}_{\rm Pt}^{-1}$</annotation></semantics> </math> is obtained, outperforming all other Au/Pt bimetallic electrocatalysts reported to date.