CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF CHOROIDAL OSTEOMA IN ASIAN INDIANS (80 PATIENTS).

Abstract

To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of choroidal osteoma in Indian patients. This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 80 patients (100 eyes) between October 2, 2012, and May 15, 2024. Forty-nine (61%) participants were female, and 31 (39%) were male. The most common age group was the second decade (n = 27, 34%). Tumor ossification with intact retinal pigment epithelium was observed in 37 (44%) eyes, and tumor deossification with/without retinal pigment epithelium atrophy was observed in 55 (65%). Associated features observed were choroidal neovascularization (choroidal neovascularization [CNV]) in 40 (40%) eyes, subretinal fluid without CNV in 4 (4%) eyes, and documented tumor growth in 6 (6%) eyes (mean interval, 4 years). At 4 and 8 years, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed tumor growth in 18% and 38% of eyes, respectively. Of the 83 eyes, optical coherence tomography showed the presence of choroidal lamellae in ossified zones in 30 eyes (100%), CNV in 40 (48%) eyes, subretinal fluid without CNV or growth in 8 (10%) eyes, and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy with deossification in 53 (64%) eyes. Treatment included intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for CNV in 39 eyes, transpupillary thermotherapy in 3, and focal laser photocoagulation in 1 eye to the perifoveal leaning edge with subretinal fluid without CNV. The mean BCVA changed from 0.4 to 0.6 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units (6/15-6/24 Snellen's equivalent) at a mean follow-up of 19 months (3-149 months). Choroidal osteoma is a unilateral condition observed in females. Although benign, the presence of CNV, subretinal fluid, or tumor growth requires treatment and periodic surveillance.