Multiphase superconductivity in PdBi<sub>2</sub>.

Powell, Lewis; Kuang, Wenjun; Hawkins-Pottier, Gabriel; Jalil, Rashid; Birkbeck, John; Jiang, Ziyi; Kim, Minsoo; Zou, Yichao et al. · Nat Commun · 2025

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Unconventional superconductivity, where electron pairing does not involve electron-phonon interactions, is often attributed to magnetic correlations in a material. Well known examples include high-T<sub>c</sub> cuprates and uranium-based heavy fermion superconductors. Less explored are unconventional superconductors with strong spin-orbit coupling, where interactions between spin-polarised electrons and external magnetic field can result in multiple superconducting phases and field-induced transitions between them, a rare phenomenon in the superconducting state. Here we report a magnetic-field driven phase transition in β-PdBi<sub>2</sub>, a layered non-magnetic superconductor. Our tunnelling spectroscopy on thin PdBi<sub>2</sub> monocrystals incorporated in planar superconductor-insulator-normal metal junctions reveals a marked discontinuity in the superconducting properties with increasing in-plane field, which is consistent with a transition from conventional (s-wave) to nodal pairing. Our theoretical analysis suggests that this phase transition may arise from spin polarisation and spin-momentum locking caused by locally broken inversion symmetry, with p-wave pairing becoming energetically favourable in high fields. Our findings also reconcile earlier predictions of unconventional multigap superconductivity in β-PdBi<sub>2</sub> with previous experiments where only a single s-wave gap could be detected.