Does a priming warm-up influence the incidence of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="bold">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="bold">O</mi> <mrow> <mn mathvariant="bold">2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">p</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">l</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> during a ramp test and verification phase?

Abstract

This study compared the effects of two different warm-up protocols (normal vs. priming) on the oxygen plateau (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math>) incidence rate during a ramp test. It also compared the cardiopulmonary responses during the ramp test and subsequent verification phase. Eleven recreational cyclists performed two experimental visits. The first visit required a normal warm-up (cycling at 50 W for 10 min) followed by the ramp test (30 W.min-1) and supramaximal verification phase with 30 min rest between tests. The second visit required a priming warm-up (cycling at 50 W for 4 min increasing to 70% difference between the gas exchange threshold [GET] and maximum work rate [WRmax] for 6 min) followed by the same protocol as in the first visit. Physiological responses were collected during the exercise and compared. Oxygen kinetics (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math> Kinetics) and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> incidence rate were determined during the ramp tests for both visits. As planned, following the warm-up the priming visit experienced greater physiological response. However, the incidence rate of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> during the ramp test was the same between visits (73%), and maximal oxygen uptake was not different between visits after the ramp test (normal, 4.0 ± 0.8; primed, 4.0 ± 0.7 L·min-1, p = 0.230) and verification phase (normal, 3.8 ± 0.6; primed, 3.8 ± 0.7 L·min-1, p = 0.924) using a Holm-Bonferroni correction for controlling family-wise error rate. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math> Kinetics were not different between visits during the ramp test (normal, 10.8 ± 1.1; primed, 10.8 ± 1.2 mL·min-1·W-1, p = 0.407). The verification phase confirmed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> in 100% for both the normal and priming visits. Our hypothesis that a priming warm-up facilitates the incidence rate of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> during a ramp test is not supported by the results. The verification phase remains a prudent option when determining a 'true' <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mo>⁢</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mo>⁢</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> is required.