PM2.5 Speciation Chemicals and Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS): Uncovering the Interactions of Maternal Health, Environmental Metal Pollutants, and Sociodemographic Factors.

Abstract

To assess factors influencing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) risk, incorporating maternal demographics, behaviors, medical conditions, pregnancy-related factors, and PM2.5 speciation pollutant exposures. Using Florida de-identified birth records, logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between maternal exposure to PM2.5 speciation metals during pregnancy and the risk of RDS, adjusting for various covariates. Our findings highlight the multifaceted nature of RDS risk, reaffirming known risk factors such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal health conditions. Complex interactions among pollutants and maternal health factors were observed, emphasizing the importance of considering synergistic effects in risk assessment. Additionally, race and ethnicity were identified as significant factors, with nuances observed within Hispanic subgroups. Targeted interventions aimed at reducing exposure to harmful pollutants, particularly among high-risk populations, may help mitigate RDS burden.