Electrochemical Removal of Se(IV) from Wastewater Using RuO<sub>2</sub>-Based Catalysts.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 39884679.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c06344.
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Abstract
The removal of selenite (SeO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>) from water is challenging due to the risk of secondary pollutants. To address this, we developed RuO<sub>2</sub>-based nanocatalysts on the titanium plate (RuO<sub>2</sub>/TP) for direct electrochemical reduction of Se(IV) to elemental selenium [Se(0)]. Optimizing Sn doping in RuO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles to induce charge redistribution enabled the Ru<sub>0.9</sub>Sn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>/TP catalyst to achieve ∼90% Se(IV) removal across concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 mM at -2 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> over 8 h, outperforming undoped RuO<sub>2</sub>/TP. Furthermore, Ru<sub>0.9</sub>Sn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub>/TP also maintained ∼90% removal efficiency in 1 mM of Se(IV) solutions containing competitive anions (0.5 M Cl<sup>-</sup>, 0.1 M SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, 0.01 M NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and their mixtures), demonstrating suitability for complex wastewater treatment. Importantly, the catalysts were recyclable, with no observable contamination introduced into the solution. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that Sn doping effectively reduces the energy barrier for the reduction of Se(IV) to Se(0).