Association of Menstrual-Related Symptoms and Presenteeism: A Cross-sectional Study of Working Women in Japan.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the association between menstruation-related symptoms and presenteeism. The study was conducted under a cross-sectional design using an Internet survey of working women from December 7-18, 2023. The analysis included 3332 working women with menstruation. Questions listing specific symptoms were used to identify menstrual symptoms. The Work Functioning Impairment Scale was used to measure presenteeism. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed with presenteeism as the dependent variable and each menstrual symptom as the independent variable. Prevalence ratio for presenteeism increased with increasing symptom severity for each menstrual symptom on both age-adjusted and multivariable analysis (all P values for trend <0.001). This study found that the greater the severity of menstrual symptoms, the higher the level of presenteeism.