Molecular basis of host recognition of human coronavirus 229E.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40016196.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-57359-8 and PMC identifier 11868633.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is the earliest CoV found to infect humans. It binds to the human aminopeptidase N (hAPN) through the receptor binding domain (RBD) of its spike (S) protein to achieve host recognition. We present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of two HCoV-229E S protein in complex with a dimeric hAPN to provide structural insights on how the HCoV-229E S protein opens up its RBD to engage with its host receptor, information that is currently missing among alphacoronaviruses to which HCoV-229E belong. We quantitatively profile the glycosylation of HCoV-229E S protein and hAPN to deduce the glyco-shielding effects pertinent to antigenicity and host recognition. Finally, we present an atomic model of fully glycosylated HCoV-229E S in complex with hAPN anchored on their respective membrane bilayers to recapitulate the structural basis of the first step of host infection by HCoV-229E.
Medical subject headings
- Coronavirus 229E, Human
- Host Microbial Interactions
- Models, Molecular
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus