Bringing Porous Framework Materials toward Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Production.

Bao, Chen-Hao; Li, Lan; Wang, Xiao-Fei; Xia, Sa-Sa; Wang, Xusheng; Jin, Cheng-Chao; Chen, Zhi · Nano Lett · 2025

review · Level V

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Abstract

Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production driven by renewable solar energy is a promising and sustainable approach, with porous framework materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) emerging as highly efficient catalysts. This Review first presents the current research state of porous framework materials in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis, focusing on the progress in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production across different porous frameworks and mechanism insights gained through advanced techniques. Furthermore, a systematic categorization of material modifications aimed at enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency is provided, linking structural modifications to improved H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production performance. Key factors such as charge carrier separation and transfer, reaction pathways, and material stability are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the challenges related to stability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, are discussed alongside opportunities for future advancements. This Review aims to provide insights into understanding and optimizing porous framework materials for efficient and scalable H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis.