Attojoule Superconducting Thermal Logic and Memories.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40059548.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c06545 and PMC identifier 11926957.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Due to stringent thermal budgets in cryogenic technologies such as superconducting quantum computers and sensors, electronic building blocks that simultaneously offer low energy consumption, fast switching, low error rates, a small footprint, and simple fabrication are pivotal for large-scale devices. Here, we demonstrate a superconducting switch with attojoule switching energy, high speed (pico-second rise/fall times), and high integration density (on the order of 10<sup>-2</sup> μm<sup>2</sup> per switch). It consists of a superconducting nanochannel and a metal heater separated by an insulating silica layer. We experimentally demonstrate digital gate operations utilizing these nanostructures, such as NOT, NAND, NOR, AND, and OR gates, with a few femtojoules of energy consumption and ultralow bit error rates <10<sup>-8</sup>. In addition, we build energy-efficient volatile memory elements with nanosecond operation speeds and a retention time over 10<sup>5</sup> s. These superconducting switches open new possibilities for increasing the size and complexity of modern cryogenic technologies.