A greening Earth has reversed the trend of decreasing carbonate weathering under a warming climate.

Zeng, Sibo; Liu, Zaihua; Jiang, Yongjun; Goldscheider, Nico; Yang, Yan; Zhao, Min; Sun, Hailong; He, Haibo et al. · Nat Commun · 2025

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

The response of mineral weathering and its related Weathering Sink for atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> (WS<sub>atm-CO2</sub>) to global vegetation greening are not well understood. After applying different biogeochemical models and a field experiment to investigate the influence of vegetation greening and warming on the variations of carbonate weathering and WS<sub>atm-CO2</sub> on regional and global scales, here we show a significant positive relationship between global carbonate weathering intensity ([HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] as a proxy) and vegetation greenness. During 1982-2018, under a warming climate, [HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] and WS<sub>atm-CO2</sub> increase by 5.8% and 6.1%, respectively, due to vegetation greening, in the carbonate areas of Southwest China. Meanwhile, the [HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] in global carbonate areas increases by +2.4% during the same period. By contrast, the [HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] in global carbonate areas decreases by -1.3% without a vegetation function due to the warming. Moreover, we estimated that the carbonate weathering enhancements due to vegetation restoration at the global scale could reach 43.8%. Our results demonstrate that future vegetation restoration is important for the carbon capture by mineral weathering.