Editorial Commentary: Hemostatic Agents, Surgical Hemostasis, and Hypotensive Anesthesia May Conserve Irrigation Fluid and Improve Visualization During Shoulder Arthroscopy.

Abstract

Intraoperative bleeding impedes visual clarity during shoulder arthroscopy and leads to longer operative times, greater use of irrigation fluid, and greater blood loss. Epinephrine in the irrigation fluid and intravenous tranexamic acid are common interventions that have been found to maintain hemostasis and improve visual clarity during arthroscopy. Intravenous carbazochrome sodium sulfonate may also offer similar benefit during shoulder arthroscopy, but more robust study of effectiveness and safety as well as Food and Drug Administration approval are needed before it can be recommended for use.