Global, regional, and national burden of shoulder dislocation 1990-2021: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Abstract

Shoulder dislocation is a common joint dislocation, accounting for nearly half of all such cases. This article comprehensively analyzes the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data on shoulder dislocation, focusing on global incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs). We evaluated the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and YLDs of shoulder dislocation globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021. Joinpoint regression analysis models calculated the Annual Average Percentage Change. In 2021, we also analyzed the disease burden trends of shoulder dislocation among different age groups of males and females globally. Additionally, we conducted a decomposition analysis of incidence impact trends in global and Socio-Demographic Index quintile regions. In 2021, there were 55.57 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 42.27-75.27) incident cases of shoulder dislocation per 100,000 population globally, equivalent to an age-standardized incidence rate of 69.96 (95% UI, 53.23-94.34) per 100,000 population. The global prevalent cases of shoulder dislocation was 8.23 (95% UI, 2.01-14.85) per 100,000 population, corresponding to an age-standardized prevalence rate of 10.35 (95% UI, 2.51-18.77) per 100,000 population. The rate of YLDs due to shoulder dislocation was 0.51 (95% UI, 0.11-1.05) per 100,000 population, with an age-standardized years lived with disability rate of 0.64 (95% UI, 0.14-1.31) per 100,000 population. From 1990 to 2021, we observed a downward trend in the global disease burden of shoulder dislocation incidence (Annual Average Percentage Change, -0.82%, 95% confidence interval, -1.12% to 0.51%), with comparable trends for prevalence and YLDs rate. The trend of disease burden fluctuates with age, peaking at 20-24 years in males and 10-14 years in females. In the decomposition analysis, epidemiological changes negatively impacted the incidence of shoulder dislocation, while demographic factors had a positive impact. Aging trends had different effects across regions. From 1990 to 2021, most regions experienced a decline in the disease burden of shoulder dislocation, although some regions saw an increase. Preventive strategies should prioritize high-risk groups such as elderly women, athletes, and military personnel. Future health policies and prevention measures should consider the interplay between epidemiological changes and demographic factors in shaping the disease burden.