Regulated Li<sub>2</sub>S Deposition through Evolution of Silver Chloride for Li-S Batteries.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40366177.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.5c04497.
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Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries hold great promise as a next-generation energy storage system due to their high theoretical energy density (2600 W h kg<sup>-1</sup>), surpassing conventional lithium-ion batteries. However, their performance is often limited by the intrinsic transformation of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) into short-chain insoluble sulfur species (Li<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>/Li<sub>2</sub>S), which induces significant cell polarization, particularly under lean-electrolyte conditions. Through a galvanic replacement reaction (GRR), enabling precise tailoring of interfacial properties, AgCl-PVP nanocubes (NCs) were synthesized and utilized as sulfur host materials. These materials demonstrated effective entrapment of LiPSs, as confirmed by <i>in situ</i> electrochemical visualization. Furthermore, the AgCl-PVP NCs significantly reduced whole-cell polarization, particularly during the Li<sub>2</sub>S nucleation step, as validated by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique across the depth of discharge. Under lean-electrolyte conditions (5.6 μL mg<sup>-1</sup>), the AgCl-PVP NCs cathode exhibited high specific capacity (563.62 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 0.2 C) with a low-capacity decay rate (1.81% per cycle). These results demonstrate the potential of GRR-engineered nanostructures as sulfur host material for enhancing the electrochemical performance and practical applicability of lean-electrolyte Li-S batteries.