Alcohol molecule coupling: A universal approach to modulating amorphousness in vanadium-based cathodes for high-rate and durable aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40408486.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adt7502 and PMC identifier 12101504.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC.
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Abstract
Vanadium oxides (VOs) are promising cathode materials for aqueous batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, but they face challenges such as sluggish kinetics and V dissolution. To overcome these issues, we introduce a universal alcohol-based molecule coupling (AMC) method to regulate amorphousness and inhibit V dissolution in VOs (VO<sub>2</sub>, V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and V<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>), resulting in high-performance cathodes. The strategy enables alcohol molecules with different chain lengths (ethanol, isopropanol, and isobutanol) to couple with VOs by forming V─OH bonds under Lewis acid-based interactions, inducing controlled amorphization. Among these, isopropanol coupling stands out by enabling the formation of short-range ordered amorphous structure (SOA-VO/Ipr). This structure enhances the reaction kinetics and suppresses V dissolution. As a result, the SOA-VO/Ipr cathode achieves 219.4 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 100 A g<sup>-1</sup>, retains 92.6% capacity over 10,000 cycles, and delivers 228.8 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 9.1 A g<sup>-1</sup> under high loading (21.9 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>) over 3500 cycles, demonstrating a promising method for durable zinc-ion batteries.