Unique Bioinspired Nanowire Structures for Dual-Modal Optoelectronic Electronic Skin.

Abstract

As initial basic applications expand into more complex and diverse fields, including prosthesis, the metaverse, and information encryption, the diversification, multifunctionality, and customization of electronic skin (e-skin) have increasingly become prominent research trends. However, most e-skins focus on achieving higher performance and a broader response range, lacking functionality and mode customization options. Here, a mode designable bioinspired e-skin is reported, utilizing a mechanical strategy combined with interface assembly technology, and achieving the integration of optical and electrical sensing capabilities in single functional material. Benefiting from the tunable engineering of nanowire structures, the Mode I demonstrates for the first time an anisotropic infrared-electrical combined e-skin, achieving remarkable anisotropic electrical performance with an anisotropy index (GF₁/GF₂) greater than 10⁴ and stable anisotropy infrared transmittance changes even after 10⁵ cycles at 75% strain. On the other hand, the Mode II offers an interference-resistant e-skin that maintains stable electrical performance and infrared transmittance under complex deformations based on novel 3D buckled structure. Finally, the two modes are integrated and successfully applied to the multiple encryption of customized information, presenting significant potential for confidential military projects.