Encapsulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Collagen-Based Hydrogel: Regenerative Therapy for Burn Wound Healing.

Abstract

Skin graft is still the major treatment for burn injuries, despite its high risk of visible scarring which raises concerns regarding aesthetics and patient quality of life. This study proposes the usage of adipose-derived stem cells encapsulated in type I collagen-based hydrogel as a promoter to enhance wound healing, replace skin, and perfect skin regeneration. One of the potential tools for reconstructive surgery, regenerative treatments, and aesthetic enhancements due to their safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness is adipose-derived stem cells. This review study used a systematic review approach and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline, encompassing preparation, execution, and reporting phases. Based on the study result, adipose-derived stem cells had the potential as adjuvant therapy in the burn recovery process. Application of adipose-derived stem cells enhances tissue regeneration after burn injury by reducing inflammation, stimulating blood vessel growth, releasing growth factors, and developing into various cell types upon appropriate stimulation. To maximize its potential, this modality is constructed in a collagen-based hydrogel which allows greater cell retention and engraftment, regardless of the complex microenvironment of the wound. Topical administration applied as the wound dressing after the skin graft procedure shows great absorption by the body with optimum cell viability and minimum cell retention in a less invasive way. Further studies regarding dosage and long-term side effects are required to obtain maximum usage of this stem cell therapy in the management of burn wound healing.