A cross-sectional study of glycosylated hemoglobin characteristics among Jeddah city population: Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Red blood cells combine with blood sugar to form glycosylated hemoglobin. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) test measures blood sugar control over the past few months and the possibility of complications in the future. The study aimed to investigate HbA1C characteristics in the population of Jeddah city, and its correlation with body mass index. The study was conducted in the Makkah region, Jeddah City, KSA. This study was conducted at a university clinic in Jeddah City. HbA1C levels and BMI were measured and calculated for 238 visitors between 2022 and 2023. Three tables were extracted from the analyzed data. The first table shows the age stages of the patients. The second table classifies diabetes stages: non-diabetic, prediabetic, and diabetic. The third table categorizes BMI into normal, overweight, and obesity. The study's findings reveal There was a linear correlation between BMI and HbA1C. (The higher the BMI, the higher the HbA1C). In Jeddah City, two-thirds of the population had either diabetes or prediabetes, and most of them were women in their 40s. Most of the population had a high BMI (>80%), was overweight, and had obesity class I (60%). There was a linear relationship between HbA1C and BMI. The young-age group (≤30s) was interested in performing an HbA1C test at a reasonable rate, and most were nondiabetics. Policymakers should prioritize supporting public health by increasing patient education programs, such as Continuous health education, which is the most effective treatment for diabetes and obesity.