Evidence for Hadean mafic intrusions in the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt, Canada.

Sole, C; O'Neil, J; Rizo, H; Paquette, J-L; Benn, D; Plakholm, J · Science · 2025

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

Many questions remain regarding Earth's earliest crust owing to the rarity of Hadean (>4.03 billion-year-old) rocks and minerals. The Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt (NGB) in Canada may be the only known remnant of Hadean crust, although its age is debated, ranging from ≥3.75 to 4.3 billion years old. Mafic intrusions within this belt were specifically sampled and analyzed to investigate the timing of their magmatic differentiation. Correlations between samarium/neodymium (Sm/Nd) and <sup>143</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd and <sup>142</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd ratios correspond to ages of 4157 ± 174 and [Formula: see text] million years for the long-lived <sup>147</sup>Sm-<sup>143</sup>Nd and the short-lived <sup>146</sup>Sm-<sup>142</sup>Nd systems, respectively. The age agreement between both extant and extinct radiogenic systems, in rocks related through igneous fractionation, is compelling evidence for preservation of Hadean rocks in the NGB, opening a rare window into Earth's earliest times.