Prevalence and incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis and medication trends in the TriNetX database.

Abstract

To investigate the prevalence and incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis (JIA-U) in the USA from 2013 to 2023 by analysing the TriNetX database. Secondary outcomes analysed included disease demographics, associated ocular complications and immunosuppressive prescription trends. Patients with JIA-U were identified in the TriNetX database, a large, multicentre research network, through International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition codes. Data collected included patient demographics, concurrent uveitic ocular complications, incidence, prevalence and cumulative prevalence of JIA-U in the 11-year period and immunosuppressive utilisation in the JIA population. 4510 patients with JIA-U were included in this study. The cumulative prevalence and incidence of JIA-U over the 11-year period were 4.4 and 1.2 per 100 000 cases, both of which decreased over the study period. 5.5% of patients with JIA had a diagnosis of uveitis and 36.1% of patients with JIA-U had an associated uveitic ocular adverse event, including glaucoma, band keratopathy, low vision and blindness. The prevalence of immunosuppressive drug therapy in patients with JIA increased over the years 2013-2023. In this large US database, the JIA-U prevalence and incidence rates decreased between 2013 and 2023. This may be partially attributed to the increasing prevalence of immunosuppressive drug use in patients with JIA.