A Self-Sustainable, Ultrarobust and High-Power-Density Triboelectric Nanogenerator for In Situ Powering of Marine Internet of Things.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40722248.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202511283.
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Abstract
The sustainable operation of marine Internet of Things (IoT), as a critical enabler for marine resource utilization, is hindered by the lack of robust energy solutions capable of powering advanced functionalities in unpredictable oceanic environments. Here, a self-sustainable, highly reliable triboelectric nanogenerator system is presented that synergizes a non-contact architecture with dynamic charge supplementation and multiphase electrode design to overcome persistent limitations in durability, energy storage, and water wave adaptability. The system achieves a 3-fold enhancement in output charge with 97% performance retention over 20 million cycles-5.2 times more durable than state-of-the-art counterparts. A chaotic double-pendulum structure further broadens operational bandwidth to 0.4-1.0 Hz with the charge accumulation rate of 4.6 times, enabling record-breaking average power density of 13.53 W m<sup>-3</sup> Hz<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, an adaptive ultralow-powered (244 nW) integrated management circuit with on-demand direct current supply functionality ensures a 394-fold energy storage speed, successfully sustaining real-time GPS communication and water quality monitoring in autonomous buoys. This work establishes a scalable, maintenance-free paradigm for marine energy harvesting, directly addressing the energy paradox in IoT deployment while advancing sustainable resource management and climate resilience strategies.